Declaration of interests J Ärnlöv reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Novartis; participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board with AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Astella; all outside the submitted work. D Abramov reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from AstraZeneca and Bayer; participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board with BridgeBio; all outside the submitted work. S Afzal reports support for the present manuscript from Institute of Public Health Lahore for study material, manuscripts, medical writings and library resources; grants or contracts from the Dean Institute of Public Health Lahore; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from the Dean Institute of Public Health Lahore; support for attending meetings and/or travel from the Dean Institute of Public Health Lahore; participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board with Pakistan National Bioethics Committee as a Member, Institutional Review Board of Fatima Jinnah Medical University as a Member, Ethical Review Board and Data Monitoring Board Institute of Public Health Lahore Pakistan as a Member, Clinical Research Organization King Edward Medical University, Annals of King Edward Medical University Advisory Board as a Member; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with Pakistan Higher Education Commission Research Committee as a Member, Pakistan Medical and Dental Commission Research and Journals Committee as a Member, Pakistan National Bioethics Committee as a Member, Pakistan Society of Internal Medicine as a Member, Pakistan Association of Medical Editors as a Member, Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Society as a Member, Leads International as a Fellow, Faculty of Public Health UK as a Fellow, College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan as a Fellow; receipt of equipment, materials, drugs, medical writing, gifts or other services from Bergen University Norway; other financial or non-financial interests with Dean Institute of Public Health Birdwood Lahore; all outside the submitted work. C A Sobrinho reports grants or contracts from Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) via grant CEECINST/00093/2021/CP2815/CT0001, outside the submitted work. R Ancuceanu reports consulting fees from Abbvie and Merck Romania; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Abbvie, Laropharm, Reckitt, Merck Romania, and MagnaPharm; support for attending meetings and/or travel from Merck Romania and Reckitt; all outside the submitted work. O C Baltatu reports support for the present manuscript from the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development Fellowship (CNPq, 304224/2022–7), the Anima Institute (AI) Research Professor Fellowship, and Alfaisal University; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with VividiWise Analytics as Managing Partner and São José dos Campos Tech Park—CITE as Biotech Advisory Board Member; all outside the submitted work. S Barteit reports support for attending meetings and/or travel from Wellcome Trust, September 2023+January 2025; stock or stock options in Climate Change and Health Evaluation and Response System (€4,200 in shares); all outside the submitted work. A Beloukas reports grants or contracts from Gilead for a research grant and sponsorship to the University of West Attica, and from GSK/ViiV for a Research Sponsorship to the University of West Attica; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Gilead and GSK paid to the University of West Attica; support for attending meetings and/or travel from Gilead and GSK paid to the University of West Attica; receipt of equipment, materials, drugs, medical writing, gifts or other services from Cepheid in the form of FOC reagents for a research project; all outside the submitted work. P J G Bettencourt reports the following patents issued or pending: WO2020229805A1, BR112021022592A2, EP3965809A1, OA1202100511, US2023173050A1, EP4265271A2, EP4275700A2, EP4265271A3, EP4275700A3; all outside the submitted work. S Bhaskar reports grants or contracts from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (KAKENHI; grant ID: 23KF0126), JSPS and the Australian Academy of Science, JSPS International Fellowship (grant ID P23712); leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with Rotary District 9675, Sydney, Australia as District Chair, Diversity, Equity, Inclusion & Belonging, with Global Health & Migration Hub Community, Global Health Hub Germany, Berlin, Germany as Chair, Founding Member and Manager, with PLOS One, BMC Neurology, Frontiers in Neurology, Frontiers in Stroke, Frontiers in Public Health, Journal of Aging Research, Neurology International, Diagnostics, & BMC Medical Research Methodology as an Editorial Board Member, with College of Reviewers, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Government of Canada as a Member, with World Headache Society, Bengaluru, India as Director of Research, with Cariplo Foundation, Milan, Italy as an Expert Adviser/Reviewer, with National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Department of Neurology, Division of Cerebrovascular Medicine and Neurology, Suita, Osaka, Japan as Visiting Director, with Cardiff University Biobank, Cardiff, UK as a Member, Scientific Review Committee, with Rotary Reconciliation Action Plan as Chair, and with Japan Connect, Osaka, Japan as a Healthcare and Medical Adviser; all outside the submitted work. A Biswas reports consulting fees from LUPIN Pharmaceuticals Ltd, INTAS Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Alkem Laboratories Ltd, and Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd; all outside the submitted work. R Cairns reports grants or contracts from Reckitt for an untied educational grant to study poisoning; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from The Pharmacy Guild of Australia and Reckitt; all outside the submitted work. M C D de Carvalho reports other financial or non-financial interests with LAQV/REQUIMTE, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal, and from FCT/MCTES under the scope of the project UIDP/50006/2020 (DOI 10.54499/UIDP/50006/2020); all outside the submitted work. A L Catapano reports grants or contracts from Chiesi, Amarin, and Ultragenyx; consulting fees from Amarin, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Chiesi, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Esperion, Ionis Pharmaceutical, Medscape, Menarini, MSD, Novartis, NovoNordisk, Regeneron, Sanofi, Ultragenyx, and Viatris; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Amarin, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Chiesi, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Esperion, Ionis Pharmaceutical, Medscape, Menarini, MSD, Novartis, NovoNordisk, Regeneron, Sanofi, Ultragenyx, and Viatris; participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board with Amarin, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Chiesi, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Esperion, Ionis Pharmaceutical, Medscape, Menarini, MSD, Novartis, NovoNordisk, Regeneron, Sanofi, Ultragenyx, and Viatris; all outside the submitted work. H Christensen reports grants or contracts from Velux Foundation, Novo Foundation, Br Hartman Fonden, Tværsfonden, and Lundbeck Foundation; participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board with Atricure: LEEAPS trial—DSMB; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with Action Plan for Stroke in Europe as Past Chair; all outside the submitted work. F Cohen reports consulting fees from Abbvie and Pfizer; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Abbvie and Axsome; all outside the submitted work. J Conde reports grants or contracts from OncoNanoAI: Artificial intelligence to discover the next generation of personalised nanoparticles for triple-negative breast cancer therapy (2025–2027) (FCT grant LISBOA2030-FEDER-00862500-149983); patents issued or pending: “TRPV2 Antagonists” US Application (number US11273152B2), “Surfactant-based cellulose hydrogel methods and uses thereof” (PCT/IB2025/051694, 17/02/2025), “Self-immolative micelle, methods and uses thereof” (EP25165757, 24/03/2025); all outside the submitted work. S E Congly reports grants or contracts paid to their institution from AstraZeneca, Merck, Ipsen, Bausch Health, Oncoustics, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Gilead Sciences Canada; consulting fees paid to them from GSK and Boehringer Ingelheim; participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board with Boehringer Ingelheim, Gilead Sciences Canada, and AstraZeneca; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with Canadian Association for the Study of the Liver as a Member of the Board of Directors and Alberta Society of Gastroenterology as Vice President; all outside the submitted work. N Conrad reports grants or contracts paid to their institution from Wellcome Trust Career Development Award (grant number 318034/Z/24/Z), Research Foundation Flanders (grant number 12ZU922N), and KU Leuven (internal funding); all outside the submitted work. S Cortese reports grants or contracts from the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) and the European Research Agency; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from the Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health (ACAMH), the British Association of Psychopharmacology (BAP), Medice; support for attending meetings and/or travel from the Association for Child and Adolescent Mental Health (ACAMH), the British Association of Psychopharmacology (BAP), Medice; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with the European ADHD Guideline Group (EAGG); all outside the submitted work. E C Dee reports support for the present manuscript from Prostate Cancer Foundation Young Investigator Award and through the Cancer Center Support grant from the US National Cancer Institute (P30 CA008748). A K Demetriades reports non-fiduciary leadership roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group with EANS (European Association of Neurosurgical Societies) as a Board member, AO SPINE as a Steering Committee Member for Knowledge Forum Degenerative, Global Neuro Foundation as a Board Member, AO SPINE as a Steering Committee Member for Knowledge Forum Degenerative; all outside the submitted work. X Ding reports grants or contracts from American Heart Association for a 2-year predoctoral fellowship (DOI: 10.58275/AHA.25PRE1373497.pc.gr.227106); quarterly payments made to their institution; all outside the submitted work. L L M Ebraheim reports support for the present manuscript from the Gates Foundation, and royalties or licenses from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation outside the submitted work. A Faro reports support for the present manuscript from National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil) for a personal grant “Researcher at CNPq—Level 1B”. A A Fomenkov reports support for the present manuscript from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (theme number 122042600086–7). L M Force reports support for the present manuscript from Gates Foundation, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital; grants or contracts from St. Baldrick’s Foundation, Conquer Cancer Foundation, NIH Loan Repayment Program; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, unpaid, with the Lancet Oncology International Advisory Board; all outside the submitted work. R C Franklin reports support for attending meetings and/or travel from ACTM—Annual Conference 2022–2024; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with Australasian College of Tropical Medicine as President, Kidsafe Australia as President, Royal Life Saving Society Australia as a Board Member, and Auschem Training as a Board Member; all outside the submitted work. A Guha reports grants or contracts from American Heart Association and US Department of Defense; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with ZERO Cancer health disparities working group; all outside the submitted work. A A Harris reports grants or contracts from the Gates Foundation and Gavi; all outside the submitted work. A Hassan reports consulting fees from Novartis, Sanofi Genzyme, Biologix, Astra Zeneca, Pfizer, Merz, Roche, Merck, Hikma Pharma, Janssen, Inspire Pharma, Future Pharma, and Elixir Pharma; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Novartis, Allergan, Abbvie, Merck, Biologix, Viatris, Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Janssen, Roche, Sanofi Genzyme, Bayer, AstraZeneca, Hikma Pharma, Al Andalus, Chemipharm, Lundbeck, Elixir, EvaPharma, Inspire Pharma, Future Pharma and Habib Scientific Office, and Everpharma; support for attending meetings and/or travel from Novartis, Allergan, Merz, Pfizer, Merck, Biologix, Roche, Sanofi Genzyme, Bayer, Hikma Pharma, Chemipharm, Al Andalus and Clavita Pharm; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with MENA Headache Society as Vice President, Multiple Sclerosis Chapter of the Egyptian Society of Neurology as a Board Member, Headache Chapter of the Egyptian Society of Neurology as a Board Member, The International Headache Society (IHS) as a Member of the committee of education, the membership committee, and regional committee; all outside the submitted work. P J Hotez is a co-inventor on non-revenue generating patents for neglected tropical diseases owned by Baylor College of Medicine (BCM). He is also a co-inventor of a COVID-19 recombinant protein vaccine technology owned by BCM that was licensed by Baylor Ventures non-exclusively and with no patent restrictions to several companies committed to advance vaccines for low- and middle-income countries. The co-inventors have no involvement in license negotiations conducted by BCM. Similar to other research universities, a long-standing BCM policy provides its faculty and staff, who make discoveries and that result in a commercial license, a share of any royalty income. Any such distribution will be undertaken in accordance with BCM policy. P J Hotez is also the author of several books published by academic presses (ASM-Wiley) and Johns Hopkins University Press, and he receives modest royalty income from this activity. I M Ilic reports support for the present manuscript from Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia; number 451–03–137/2025–03/200110. M D Ilic reports support for the present manuscript from Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation of the Republic of Serbia number 451–03–47/2023–01/200111. N E Ismail reports leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, unpaid, with Malaysian Academy of Pharmacy, Malaysia as the Bursar and Council Member and Malaysian Pharmacists Society Education Chapter Committee as a Committee Member; all outside the submitted work. I O Iyamu reports grants or contracts from Canadian Institutes for Health Research (CIHR) Health Systems Impact Fellowship (Funding Reference number IF8–196153), Michael Smith Health Research BC Trainee Award (award number HSIF-2024–04465), and CIHR Canadian HIV Trials Network (CTN+) post-doctoral fellowship; consulting fees from Excellence Community Education Welfare Scheme; support for attending meetings and/or travel from Pacific Public Health Foundation; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with Public Health Association of British Columbia as Vice President; all outside the submitted work. V Jha reports consulting fees from Bayer, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Baxter, Vera, Visterra, Otsuka, Novartis, Timberlyne, Biogen, Chinook, and Alpine; All payments to the George Institute; all outside the submitted work. T Joo reports support for the present manuscript from EU4Health Programme 2021–2027 under grant agreement 101126953 (The Joint Action on CARdiovascular diseases and DIabetes—JACARDI). The views and opinions expressed are those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Health and Digital Executive Agency (HaDEA). Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them; and National Research, Development and Innovation Office in Hungary (RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00006, Data-Driven Health Division of National Laboratory for Health Security for funding of participation in the research project. J J Jozwiak reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Novartis, Adamed, Amgen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Servier, Novo Nordisk; all outside the submitted work. R Kalani reports grants or contracts from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (USA) 1R01NS138297; all outside the submitted work. M Kivimäki reports grants or contracts paid to their university from the Wellcome Trust (221854/Z/20/Z), Medical Research Council (MR/Y014154/1), National Institute on Aging (R01AG056477, R01AG062553) and Research Council of Finland (350426); all outside the submitted work. J M Kocarnik reports support for the present manuscript from Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation as an employee, the Gates Foundation for funding to his institution, and American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities for funding to his institution. K Krishan reports other financial or non-financial interests with non-financial support from the UGC Centre of Advanced Study, CAS II, awarded to the Department of Anthropology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, outside the submitted work. T Lallukka reports support for the present manuscript from the Research Council of Finland (330527), payments made to their institution. M-C Li reports grants or contracts from the National Science and Technology Council, Taiwan (NSTC 113–2314-B-003–002) and the “Higher Education Sprout Project” of National Taiwan Normal University; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with Journal of the American Heart Association as Technical Editor; all outside the submitted work. D Lindholm reports stock or stock options in AstraZeneca during time of employment (>2.5 years ago); other financial or non-financial interests with AstraZeneca as a former employee (>2.5 years ago); all outside the submitted work. H Liu reports other financial or non-financial interests as a mentor of National Medical Research Association (NMRA, U.K.), a member of British Society for Cardiovascular Research (BSCR, U.K.), and a member of and Cardiovascular Analytics Group (CVAG, HKSAR of China), all are not-for-profit organisations; all outside the submitted work. J Liu reports support for the present manuscript from the National Natural Science Foundation (72474005) and Beijing Natural Science Foundation (L222027, Z240004); grants of contracts the National Natural Science Foundation (72474005) and Beijing Natural Science Foundation (L222027, Z240004), outside the submitted work. V Lohner reports support for the present manuscript from Marga and Walter Boll Foundation, Kerpen, Germany. S Lorkowski reports grants or contracts paid to their institution from dsm-firmenich (formerly DSM Nutritional Products); consulting fees from Danone, Novartis Pharma, and Swedish Orphan Biovitrum (SOBI); payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from AMARIN Germany, Amedes Holding, AMGEN, Berlin-Chemie, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, Daiichi Sankyo Deutschland, Danone, Hubert Burda Media Holding, Janssen-Cilag, Lilly Deutschland, Novartis Pharma, Novo Nordisk Pharma, Roche Pharma, Sanofi-Aventis, Swedish Orphan Biovitrum (SOBI), SYNLAB Holding Deutschland; support for attending meetings and/or travel from AMGEN; participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board with AMGEN, Daiichi Sankyo Deutschland, Novartis Pharma, Sanofi-Aventis; all outside the submitted work. K S-K Ma reports grants or contracts from the International Team for Implantology outside the submitted work. P Maffia reports grants or contracts from British Heart Foundation, NextGenerationEU PNRR, Heart Research UK, Italian Ministry of University, BBSRC International Partnerships Funding, and Scottish Founding Council; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with Translational Section for the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (IUPHAR) as Vice-Chair, the Translational Research Medical Review Panel for Heart Research UK (HRUK) as Chair, the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) Working Group on Atherosclerosis & Vascular Biology and Cell Biology of the Heart as a Nucleus Member, the British Atherosclerosis Society (BAS) as an Executive Committee Member, Immunotherapy Committee of the International Union of Immunological Societies (IUIS) as a Member, and the Translational Clinical Studies (TCS) Grant Panel for the Chief Scientist Office (CSO) as a Member; all outside the submitted work. H R Marateb reports grants or contracts from Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya . Barcelona Tech—UPC; all outside the submitted work. S Masi reports grants or contracts from Servier for personal contracts for consulting activities, lectures, presentations, manuscript writing and educational events, Tuscany Region for grants for research projects in the field of arterial hypertension and management of SARS-CoV2 infection, and Italian Ministry of University and Research for grants for research projects in the field of heart failure; consulting fees from Servier (2022-Present); payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Servier (2018-Present); support for attending meetings and/or travel from Servier (2018-Present); participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board with Servier on advisory board for the lunch of new drugs (2024-Present); all outside the submitted work. R J Maude reports support for the present manuscript from Wellcome Trust. This research was supported in part by Wellcome Trust (grant number 220211) as it provides core funding for Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research and contributes to their salary. They are required by Wellcome to acknowledge this grant in all publications. S A Meo reports grants or contracts from the Ongoing Research Funding Program (ORF-2025–47), King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; all outside the submitted work. T R Miller reports grants or contracts from National Institute for Mental Health (USA), AB InBev Foundation, Santa Clara County Public Health Department (California); payment for expert testimony from lawyers representing state & local plaintiffs in opioid litigation; all outside the submitted work. H M Mohamed reports support for the present manuscript from Higher Colleges of Technology; participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board with FIP Technology Advisory Group as a Member; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with ISPOR UAE chapter as Education Committee Member; all outside the submitted work. L Monasta reports support for the present manuscript from the Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente 34/2017), payments made to the Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo. R da Silveira Moreira reports grants or contracts from CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) for a CNPq Research Productivity Scholarship (scholarship registration number is 316607/2021–5); all outside the submitted work. J F Mosser reports support for the present manuscript from the Gates Foundation; grants or contracts from Gavi; honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Providence Medical Center for CME presentation; support for attending meetings and/or travel from the Gates Foundation; all outside the submitted work. F Mughal reports support for the present manuscript paid to their institution from the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) (USA) (300957). Views expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and not of the NHS, NIHR, or DHSC. S Nomura reports support for the present manuscript from Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (24H00663) and the Japan Science and Technology Agency for Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (JPMJPR22R8). B OANCEA reports support for the present manuscript from Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitalization through the Core Program of the National Research, Development and Innovation Plan 2022–2027, project number PN 23-02-0101, contract number 7N/2023; PNRR/2022/C9/MCID/I8 project 760096. R Olum reports grants or contracts from Gilead Sciences Inc. through the Gilead Research Scholars Program for Public Health; all outside the submitted work. S Onie reports support for the present manuscript from National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia for an Investigator Grant; consulting fees from WHO for the amount of USD$9000 from November 2023 to date; support for attending meetings and/or travel from Suicide Prevention Australia for travel and attendance fees for annual conference and International Association for Suicide Prevention for conference attendance fees; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with International Association for Suicide Prevention as Vice President and Indonesian Association for Suicide Prevention as President; stock or stock options in Wellspring Indonesia, a local mental health clinic in Indonesia (not majority shareholder); all outside the submitted work. R Ornello reports consulting fees from Teva; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Novartis, Eli Lilly, Teva, AbbVie, Bayer, Pfizer, Lundbeck, Organon; support for attending meetings and/or travel from Teva and Novartis; participation on an Advisory Board with Eli Lilly and AbbVie; receipt of equipment, materials, drugs, medical writing, gifts or other services from Novartis; all outside the submitted work. A Ortiz reports grants or contracts from Sanofi paid to their institution The Fundación Jiménez Díaz Health Research Institute (IIS-FJD UAM) and as Director of the Catedra AstraZeneca-UAM of chronic kidney disease and electrolytes paid to their institution Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM); consulting fees from Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bioporto, Boehringer Ingelheim, Fresenius Medical Care, GSK, Bayer, Sanofi-Genzyme, Lilly, Chiesi, Otsuka, Novo-Nordisk, and Sysmex; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bioporto, Boehringer Ingelheim, Fresenius Medical Care, GSK, Bayer, Sanofi-Genzyme, Sobi, Menarini, Lilly, Chiesi, Otsuka, Novo-Nordisk, Sysmex and Vifor Fresenius Medical Care Renal Pharma and Spafarma; support for attending meetings and/or travel from Astellas, AstraZeneca, Fresenius Medical Care, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bayer, Sanofi-Genzyme, Chiesi, Sobi, and Bayer; participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board with Astellas, AstraZeneca, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Fresenius Medical Care, Bayer, Sanofi-Genzyme, Chiesi, Otsuka, Novo Nordisk, and Sysmex; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, unpaid, with Council ERA. SOMANE; all outside the submitted work. P K Pal reports grants or contracts paid to their institution from Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), Department of Science & Technology(DST)-Science and Engineering Research Board, Department of Biotechnology (DBT), DST-Cognitive Science Research Initiative, Wellcome Trust UK-India Alliance DBT, PACE scheme of BIRAC, Michael J. Fox Foundation, SKAN (Scientific Knowledge for Ageing and Neurological ailments)-Research Trust; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society, and Movement Disorder Societies of Korea, Taiwan and Bangladesh, Japanese Society of Neurology, Teva Pharmaceutical Industries and Elsevier Inc (payment of one-thirds of the honorarium to their institute); support for attending meetings and/or travel from the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society, and Movement Disorder Societies of Korea, Taiwan and Bangladesh, Japanese Society of Neurology and Asian Oceanian Congress of Neurology.; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group with Indian Academy of Neurology as Past President, Asian and Oceanian subsection of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (MDS-AOS) as Past Secretary, Annals of Movement Disorders as Past Editor-in-Chief, the Parkinson Society of Karnataka as President, Infection Related Movement Disorders Study Group of MDS as Chair, Rare Movement Disorders Study Group of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (IPMDS) as a Member, Education Committee of IAPRD as a Member, Rating Scales Education and Training Program Committee of IPMDS as a Member, Neurophysiology Study Group of IPMDS as a Member, Movement Disorders in Asia Study Group as a Member, Post-Stroke Movement Disorders as a Member, Ataxia Study Group of IPMDS as a Member, Ataxia Global Initiative as a Member, Movement Disorders Society of India as President, and the Education Committee of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (IPMDS) as Chair—all unpaid posts except Annual Leadership stipend for 2023–2025, of which one-thirds to be paid to their institute; all outside the submitted work. S K Panda reports support for the present manuscript from Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan (deemed to be university) in the form of a salary; grants or contracts from file number 17-59/2023-24/CCRH/Tech./Coll./ICMR-Diabetes/960 as co-investigator; all outside the submitted work. G D Panos reports support for attending meetings and/or travel (expenses covered without receiving direct payment) from Roche and Bayer AG; all outside the submitted work. R Passera reports participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board with the Data Safety Monitoring Board dello studio “Consolidation with ADCT-402 (loncastuximab tesirine) after immunochemotherapy: a phase II study in BTKi-treated/ineligible Relapse/Refractory Mantle Cell Lymphoma (MCL) patients”—FIL, Fondazione Italiana Linfomi, Alessandria (Italy), unpaid; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with the EBMT Statistical Committee, European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Paris (France) as a member, and the IRB/IEC Comitato Etico AO SS. Antonio e Biagio Alessandria-ASL AL-VC (Italy) as a past Member (2020–2023); all outside the submitted work. A E Peden reports support for the present manuscript from the (Australian] National Health and Medical Research Council (grant number APP2009306). V C F Pepito reports grants or contracts from Sanofi Consumer Healthcare for study self-care in the Philippines, and Zuellig Family Foundation for health systems strengthening; all outside the submitted work. P Ionela-Roxana reports grants or contracts from the project ‘Societal and Economic Resilience within multi-hazards environment in Romania’ funded by European Union—NextgenerationEU and Romanian Government, under National Recovery and Resilience Plan for Romania, contract number 760050/ 23.05.2023, cod PNRR-C9-I8-CF 267/ 29.11.2022, through the Romanian Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitalization, within Component 9, Investment I8; all outside the submitted work. L Ronfani reports support for the present manuscript from the Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente 34/2017), payments made to the Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo. P S Sachdev reports grants or contracts from National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, APP1169489 and National Institutes of Health, USA; grants 1RF1AG057531–01 and 2R01AG057531–02A1; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Alkem Labs for a lecture as part of the Frontiers of Psychiatry 2023 seminar, Mumbai, India, June 2023; participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board with Biogen Australia Medical Advisory committee in 2020 and 2021 Roche Australia Medical Advisory Committee in 2022, Eli Lilly, Expert Advisory Panel, 2025; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, unpaid, with International Neuropsychiatric Association as Executive Board Member and World Psychiatric Association as Planning Committee Member; all outside the submitted work. Y L Samodra reports grants or contracts from NSTC—NTU Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Taiwan for a post-doctoral fellow contract; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with Benang Merah Research Center, Indonesia as Co-Founder; other financial or non-financial interests with Jago Beasiswa (idebeasiswa.com) as a scholarship mentor; all outside the submitted work. A E Schutte reports consulting fees from AstraZeneca, Medtronic, Sky Labs, Servier, and Roche; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from AstraZeneca, Medtronic, Sky Labs, Servier, Omron, and Aktiia; support for attending meetings and/or travel from Medtronic, Servier; all outside the submitted work. M Šekerija reports consulting fees from Roche; payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Astellas; all outside the submitted work. V Sharma reports other financial or non-financial interests with DFSS (MHA)’s research project (DFSS28(1)2019/EMR/6) at Institute of Forensic Science & Criminology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India, outside the submitted work. V Shivarov reports one patent issued or pending with the Bulgarian Patent Office; other financial or non-financial interests with ICON plc. in the form of a salary; all outside the submitted work. J P Silva reports support for the present manuscript from Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology for payment of a salary (contract with reference 2021.01789.CEECIND/CP1662/CT0014). L M L R Da Silva reports grants or contracts from SPRINT, Sport Physical Activity and Health Research e Innovation Center, Polytechnic of Guarda, 6300–559 6 Guarda, Portugal; and collaborate with RISE—UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6201–506 Covilhã, Portugal; all outside the submitted work. J A Singh reports consulting fees from ROMTech, Atheneum, Clearview healthcare partners, American College of Rheumatology, Yale, Hulio, Horizon Pharmaceuticals, DINORA, ANI/Exeltis, USA Inc., Frictionless Solutions, Schipher, Crealta/Horizon, Medisys, Fidia, PK Med, Two labs Inc., Adept Field Solutions, Clinical Care options, Putnam associates, Focus forward, Navigant consulting, Spherix, MedIQ, Jupiter Life Science, UBM LLC, Trio Health, Medscape, WebMD, and Practice Point communications; and the National Institutes of Health; Payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Simply Speaking; Support for attending meetings and/or travel from Simply Speaking; Leadership or fiduciary role in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid as a past steering committee member of the OMERACT, an international organisation that develops measures for clinical trials and receives arm’s length funding from 12 pharmaceutical companies, and as a Chair of the Veterans Affairs Rheumatology Field Advisory Committee, and as editor and the Director of the UAB Cochrane Musculoskeletal Group Satellite Center on Network Meta-analysis; Stock or stock options in Atai life sciences, Kintara therapeutics, Intelligent Biosolutions, Acumen pharmaceutical, TPT Global Tech, Vaxart pharmaceuticals, Atyu biopharma, Adaptimmune Therapeutics, GeoVax Labs, Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Enzolytics Inc., Seres Therapeutics, Tonix Pharmaceuticals Holding Corp., Aebona Pharmaceuticals, and Charlotte’s Web Holdings, Inc. and previously owned stock options in Amarin, Viking, and Moderna Pharmaceuticals; outside the submitted work. I N Soyiri reports leadership or fiduciary roles in board, society, committee or advocacy groups, unpaid as Trustee of the Citizens Advice Bureau for Hull & East Riding, United Kingdom; outside the submitted work. D J Stein reports consultancy honoraria from Discovery Vitality, Kanna, L’Oreal, Lundbeck, Orion, Servier, Seaport Therapeutics, Takeda, and Wellcome; all outside the submitted work. J Sundström reports direct or indirect stock ownership in companies (Anagram kommunikation AB, Sence Research AB, Symptoms Europe AB, MinForskning AB) providing services to companies and authorities in the health sector including Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Boehringer, Eli Lilly, Gilead, GSK, Göteborg University, Itrim, Ipsen, Janssen, Karolinska Institutet, LIF, Linköping University, Novo Nordisk, Parexel, Pfizer, Region Stockholm, Region Uppsala, Sanofi, STRAMA, Takeda, TLV, Uppsala University, Vifor Pharma, WeMind; all outside the submitted work. R Tabarés-Seisdedos reports grants or contracts from Valencian Regional Government’s Ministry of Education (PROMETEO/CIPROM/2022/58) and the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (PID2021–129099OB-I00). The funders were not involved in the design of the manuscript or decision to submit the manuscript for publication, nor will they be involved in any aspect of the study’s conduct; all outside the submitted work. J H V Ticoalu reports leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with Benang Merah Research Center, Indonesia as Co-Founder; all outside the submitted work. D Trico reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, and Novo Nordisk; support for attending meetings and/or travel from AstraZeneca; participation on a Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board with Amarin, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novo Nordisk; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with EASD Early Career Academy and EASD Committee on Clinical Affairs; receipt of equipment, materials, drugs, medical writing, gifts or other services from Abbott and PharmaNutra; all outside the submitted work. S J Tromans reports grants or contracts paid to University of Leicester, their institution, as part of the 2023/4 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey team, collecting epidemiological data on community-based adults living in England (a contracted study from NHS Digital, via the Department of Health and Social Care. Contributions on chapters of the 2023/4 Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey report), as lead on a study funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research Clinical Research Network, on optimising the survey design for people with learning disability and autism, as lead on a study from the National Institute for Health and Care Research related to reviewing a national training programme for health and social care professionals relating to learning disability and autism, and as Co-applicant on study funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research related to Identification, recording, and reasonable adjustments for people with a learning disability and autistic people in NHS electronic clinical record systems; support for attending meetings and/or travel from the Royal College of Psychiatrists; leadership or fiduciary roles in board, society, committee or advocacy groups, paid or unpaid as Academic Secretary for the Neurodevelopmental Psychiatry Special Interest Group and Psychiatry of Intellectual Disability Faculty at the Royal College of Psychiatrists, as Editorial Board Member for Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry, Advances in Mental Health and Intellectual Disability, Advances in Autism, BMC Psychiatry, and BJPsych Open, and as Editor of Psychiatry of Intellectual Disability Across Cultures (Oxford University Press); outside the submitted work. V-S Tseriotis reports grants or contracts from the European Academy of Neurology, European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis; support for attending meetings and/or travel from Inovis, Genesis Pharma, and Novartis; all outside the submitted work. E Upadhyay reports patents issued or pending for “A system and method of reusable filters for anti-pollution mask” (Published); “A system and method for electricity generation through crop stubble by using microbial fuel cells” (Published); “A system for disposed personal protection equipment (PPE) into biofuel through pyrolysis and method” (Published); “A novel herbal pharmaceutical aid for formulation of gel and method thereof” (Published); “Herbal drug formulation for treating lung tissue degenerated by particulate matter exposure” (Published); “A method to transform cow dung into the wall paint by using natural materials and composition thereof” (Filed); “Biodegradable packaging composition and method of preparation thereof” (Filed); “Eco-friendly bio-shoe polish from banana and turmeric” (Filed); “Honey-based polyherbal syrup composition to treat air pollution-induced inflammation and preparation method thereof” (Filed); “Process for preparing a caffeine free, antioxidant and nutrient rich beverage” (Filed); leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with Meteorological Society, Jaipur (India) as Executive Council Member, Indian Chapter and DSTPURSE Program as member Secretary; all outside the submitted work. E Vounzoulaki reports grants or contracts from a National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Development and Skills Enhancement Award (DSE) until July 2026, outside the submitted work. Yichen Wang reports grants or contracts from Mayo Clinic Center for Digital Health and Mayo Clinic Office of Belonging (formerly the Office of Inclusion and Diversity) with support from Dalio Philanthropies, 2024 for an Artificial Intelligence-Machine Learning Award; support for attending meetings and/or travel from The International Foundation for Gastrointestinal Disorders and University of Kansas Health Center; a provisional patent, “A Method to Automate International Classification of Diseases Coding using Large Language Model”; all outside the submitted work. J W Ward reports grants or contracts from Abbott, Gilead, AbbVie, Merck, Siemens, GSK, Cepheid, Zydus Life, governmental agencies, and philanthropic organisations to the Task Force for Global Health for the general support of the Coalition for Global Hepatitis Elimination; all outside the submitted work. P Willeit reports consulting fees from Novartis Pharmaceuticals; outside the submitted work. J F Wu reports grants or contracts from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R38HL167238) and prior funding from the American Society of Hematology Hematology Opportunities for the Next Generation of Research Scientists (HONORS) Award; all outside the submitted work. Y Yasufuku reports grants or contracts from Shionogi & Co, Ltd; their employment expenses are paid from the joint research fund provided by this pharmaceutical company to The University of Osaka, outside the submitted work. S Zadey reports payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing or educational events from Think Global Health, The Hindu, and Harvard Public Health Magazine; leadership or fiduciary roles in other board, society, committee or advocacy group, paid or unpaid, with Association for Socially Applicable Research (ASAR) as Cofounding Director, Asia Working Group, The G4 Alliance as Chair, Lancet Citizens’ Commission as a Fellow, Duke GEMINI Research Center as Research Aide Sr., Maharashtra State Mental Health Policy as a Drafting Committee Member, and Dr D. Y. Patil University as Adjunct Research Faculty; all outside the submitted work. G Zamagni reports support for the present manuscript from the Italian Ministry of Health (Ricerca Corrente 34/2017), payments made to the Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo. M Zielińska reports other financial or non-financial interests with Alexion and AstraZeneca Rare Disease as an employee; all outside the submitted work.
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