Heart failure is a serious medical condition that affects millions of people worldwide, yet many remain unaware of how common it is or how critical early detection can be. It occurs when the heart cannot pump blood efficiently, meaning the body does not get enough oxygen and nutrients. Dr Dmitry Yaranov, a cardiologist specialising in heart failure and heart transplantation, explains that recognising the signs early can save lives. Common symptoms include shortness of breath, persistent fatigue, swelling in the legs or feet, rapid or irregular heartbeat, and a constant cough or wheezing. People at higher risk include those with high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, diabetes, obesity, smokers, and those who consume excessive alcohol. Preventive measures such as maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, eating a balanced diet low in salt, avoiding tobacco, limiting alcohol, and managing stress can reduce the risk and help protect heart health. Early consultation with a doctor is vital for better outcomes.
Understanding heart failure and its impact on the body
Heart failure doesn’t imply that the heart has ceased to function. Rather, it implies that the heart isn’t pumping blood as it should to satisfy the body’s demands. Blood delivers oxygen and nourishment to organs and tissues, and when the heart can no longer pump efficiently, the body can’t operate at optimal levels.
Dr Yaranov points out that heart failure is far more prevalent than most individuals realize. Approximately one in five individuals will eventually develop heart failure sometime in their lifetime. In the United States alone, more than six million individuals have this condition.Heart failure can build up over time or come on suddenly and can be mild to severe. Although it is a chronic illness, with good treatment, individuals can lead longer lives with a good quality of life.
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Why early detection and treatment are crucial for heart failure
Dr Yaranov likens heart failure to some forms of cancer due to its urgency. Unless treated properly, figures show that one out of two individuals who are diagnosed with heart failure can not live for more than five years. This indicates the need for early detection of signs and early visit to a doctor.But with the right treatment, lifestyle changes, and follow-up visits, the prognosis can be quite favorable. Those with heart failure can live longer if they stick to medical advice.
Symptoms of heart failure
Prompt identification of signs of heart failure can help a lot. Dr Yaranov recommends that individuals watch out for the following:
- Shortness of breath when exercising or on lying down
- Long-standing fatigue or tiredness that is not relieved by rest
- Leg, ankle, or foot swelling due to fluid accumulation
- Increased or irregular heart rate
- Chronic cough or wheezing that persists
These symptoms happen because the heart is not pumping enough blood. If you experience one or more of these signs, it is necessary to see a healthcare provider.
Who is at risk of developing heart failure
While anyone can get heart failure, there are some factors that make it more likely. These are:
- High blood pressure, which makes the heart pump harder
- Coronary artery disease, which slows the flow of blood to the heart
- Diabetes, which damages the heart and blood vessels over time
- Obesity, which adds extra workload on the heart
- Smoking, which harms the heart and blood vessels
- Excessive use of alcohol, which may cause the heart muscle to weaken
Recognising these risk factors can allow individuals to take preventive measures against heart failure or catch it earlier.
A healthy heart: Prevention tips
Although not all heart failure can be avoided, some lifestyle measures can lower the risk and ensure cardiovascular health. Dr Yaranov advises:
- Having a healthy weight through proper diet and regular exercise
- Regular exercise, both aerobic and strengthening
- Following a low-salt diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
- Abstaining from tobacco and reducing alcohol intake
- Keeping stress under control by using relaxation methods, being mindful, or seeking counselling
These choices in lifestyle will assist the heart in functioning better and lower the risk of complications.
When to consult a doctor
Early diagnosis is essential in treating heart failure. If you or your loved one is suffering from sudden fatigue, shortness of breath, or swelling in legs and feet, it is necessary to visit a doctor at once. Early intervention can enhance results and enable individuals to live a good quality of life.Dr Yaranov stresses that individuals need to question, know their risk, and act proactively to safeguard their heart. Knowledge and watchfulness are the keys to successfully coping with heart failure.Also Read | Understanding Guillain-Barré syndrome: Causes and symptoms of this rare nerve disorder
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